tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-79937473093060887422024-02-20T17:47:32.554-08:00Environmental Engineering and MeThis webpage reflects new technologies in environmental engineering and discusses latest publications in the same field. It also shares the latest accomplishments in biological water and wastewater treatment as well as separation engineering.Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.comBlogger63125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-24427713197506604782011-10-20T09:36:00.000-07:002011-10-20T09:36:20.795-07:00Stability and inhibition of anaerobic processes caused by insufficiency or excess of ammonia nitrogen<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: #f4f9fd;"></span><br />
<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Myriad, 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px;"><div class="primary" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/0175-7598/" lang="en" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #999999; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="Link to the Journal of this Article">APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY</a></div><div class="secondary" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="doi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="label" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">DOI:</span> <span class="value" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">10.1007/s00253-011-3625-4 (2011)</span></span></div><div class="secondary" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="doi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="value" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br />
</span></span></div></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Myriad, 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px;"><div class="authors" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #777777; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=Jind%c5%99ich+Proch%c3%a1zka" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #777777; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="View content where Author is Jindřich Procházka">Jindřich Procházka</a>, <a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=Petr+Dolej%c5%a1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #777777; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="View content where Author is Petr Dolejš">Petr Dolejš</a>, <a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=Josef+M%c3%a1ca" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #777777; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="View content where Author is Josef Máca">Josef Máca</a> and <a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=Michal+Doh%c3%a1nyos" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #777777; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="View content where Author is Michal Dohányos">Michal Dohányos</a></div></span></h2><h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; 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margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; 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text-align: justify;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #777777;"></span></span></div></div><div class="normal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #777777;"></span></span></span></div></div><div class="normal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span><br />
<div class="articleText" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 15px;"><h3 class="h3" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: -15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><div class="svAbstract" style="box-sizing: border-box;" xmlns=""><div class="articleText" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div id="spar0010" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: normal; margin-top: 10px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><div style="line-height: 18px;"></div>Ammonia increases buffer capacity of methanogenic medium in mesophilic anaerobic reactor thus increasing the stability of anaerobic digestion process. Optimal<br />
ammonia concentration ensures sufficient buffer capacity<br />
while not inhibiting the process. It was found out in this<br />
paper that this optimum depends on the quality of anaerobic<br />
sludge under investigation. The optimal concentrations for<br />
methanogens were 2.1, 2.6 and 3.1 g/L of ammonia<br />
nitrogen in dependence on inoculum origin. High ammonia<br />
nitrogen concentration (4.0 g/L) inhibited methane production, while low ammonia nitrogen concentration (0.5 g/L)<br />
caused low methane yield, loss of biomass (as VSS) and<br />
loss of the aceticlastic methanogenic activity. It was found<br />
out that negative effect of low ammonia nitrogen concentration on biomass is caused not only by low buffer<br />
capacity but also by insufficiency of nitrogen as nutrient.<br />
It was also found out that anaerobic sludge with higher<br />
ammonia nitrogen concentration (4.2 g/L) tolerates even<br />
concentration of volatile fatty acids (160 mmol/L) which<br />
causes inhibition of the process with low ammonia nitrogen<br />
concentration (0.2 g/L).<br />
</span></div></div></div></div><div class="svAbstract" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;" xmlns=""><div class="articleText" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><div id="spar0005" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 18px; margin-top: 10px;"><div><br />
</div></div></div></div></div></div></span></span></h3></div></div><div class="articleText" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1em; line-height: 18px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 18px;"><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-76692125546804261652011-10-18T18:27:00.000-07:002011-10-18T18:27:06.738-07:00Comparative influential effects of mass transfer resistance in acetate-fed and glucose-fed sequential aerobic sludge blanket reactors<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px;"><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13858947" id="ddJrnl" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Chemical Engineering Journal</b></a><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=PublicationURL&_hubEid=1-s2.0-S1385894711X00190&_cid=271942&_pubType=JL&view=c&_auth=y&_acct=C000228598&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=4eb348b0b1d5e137df7aea1a6d05b99d" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;">Volume 174, Issue 1</a>, 15 October 2011, Pages 182-189</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: #f4f9fd;"></span><br />
<h2 style="clear: left; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 18px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;" xmlns="">Hsin-Hsien Chou</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-color: initial; border-style: initial;"><a href="" name="b" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;" xmlns=""></a></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;" xmlns="">, Ju-Sheng Huang </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;" xmlns="">, Chun-Wen Tsao</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-color: initial; border-style: initial;"><a href="" name="b" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;" xmlns=""></a></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;" xmlns="">, Yen-Chun Lu</span></span></h2><h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; 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margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span><br />
<div class="articleText" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 15px;"><h3 class="h3" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: -15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"><div class="svAbstract" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1em;" xmlns=""><div class="articleText" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1em; line-height: 18px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1em;"><div id="spar0010" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 18px; margin-top: 10px;">A laboratory study was undertaken to explore the influential effects of mass transfer resistance on overall substrate removal in acetate-fed and glucose-fed sequential aerobic sludge blanket reactors. In both reactors, solids retention time decreased with increasing OLR [2–8 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/m<sup style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</sup> d], resulting in increasing specific substrate utilization rates. The obtained kinetic parameters values (<i style="box-sizing: border-box;">k</i>/<i style="box-sizing: border-box;">K</i><sub style="box-sizing: border-box;">s</sub> ratio) indicated that the microbial reaction rate for acetate was higher than that for glucose. The simulated mass transfer parameter values (<i style="box-sizing: border-box;">ϕ</i><sup style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</sup>, Bi, <i style="box-sizing: border-box;">L</i>, and <i style="box-sizing: border-box;">η</i>) and substrate concentration profiles in the granule indicated that the overall substrate removal in the acetate-fed and glucose-fed reactors are intra-granular diffusion controlled, and the influential effect of intra-granular mass transfer resistance in the glucose-fed reactor is relatively greater. The simulated results also disclosed that the optimal<i style="box-sizing: border-box;">d</i><sub style="box-sizing: border-box;">p</sub> for acetate-fed and glucose-fed reactors should be no greater than 3.5 and 2.5 mm, respectively. The validated kinetic model and the obtained kinetic parameter values can be appropriately used to simulate treatment performance of the SASB reactors treating simple substrates.</div></div></div></div><div class="svAbstract" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1em;" xmlns=""><div class="articleText" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1em; line-height: 18px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1em;"><h4 class="h4" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1.1em; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 15px;">Highlights</h4><div id="spar0005" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1em;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 18px; margin-top: 10px;">► A laboratory study was undertaken to explore the influential effect of mass transfer resistance on overall substrate removal in acetate-fed and glucose-fed sequential aerobic sludge blanket (SASB) reactors. ► The size of acetate-fed granules was smaller than that of glucose-fed granules while the biomass density of the former was slightly higher than that of the latter. The obtained kinetic parameters (<i style="box-sizing: border-box;">k</i>/<i style="box-sizing: border-box;">K</i><sub style="box-sizing: border-box;">s</sub> ratios) indicated that the microbial reaction rate for acetate was higher than that for glucose. ► The calculated COD removal efficiencies using the kinetic model (incorporating intrinsic kinetics) agreed well with the experimental results, implying that the proposed model can properly describe the overall substrate removal rate in the SASB reactor. ► By applying the validated kinetic model, the simulated mass transfer parameter values (<i style="box-sizing: border-box;">ϕ</i><sup style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</sup>, Bi, <i style="box-sizing: border-box;">L</i>, and <i style="box-sizing: border-box;">η</i>) and substrate concentration profiles in the granule indicated that the overall substrate removal in the acetate-fed and glucose-fed reactors are evidently intra-granular diffusion controlled, and the influential effect of glucose-fed granules is greater than acetate-fed granules. ► The simulated results disclosed that the optimal granular sizes for acetate-fed and glucose-fed reactors should be no greater than 3.5 and 2.0–2.5 mm, respectively.</div></div></div></div></div></span></span></h3></div></div><div class="articleText" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1em; line-height: 18px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 18px;"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-72285611927887210242011-02-20T18:55:00.000-08:002011-02-20T18:55:21.147-08:00Calcium augmentation for enhanced denitrifying granulation in sequencing batch reactors<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11.6667px;">Bioprocess Chemistry (2011)-</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><img alt="" border="0" height="10" src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/clear.gif" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1em;" width="1" /><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2011.01.016" id="ddDoi" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;" target="doilink">doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2011.01.016</a> </span></span></h2><h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11.6667px;">Ya-Juan Liu</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: xx-small;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11.6667px;">and Darren Delai Sun</span></span></span></span></span></span></h2><h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; 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margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span><br />
<div class="articleText" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><h3 class="h3" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: -15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Abstract</span></h3><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 1em;"><a href="" name="spar0005" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"></a></span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">This study investigated calcium augmentation for enhanced denitrifying granulation in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) supplemented with different calcium concentrations of 0, 50 and 100 mg Ca<sup style="box-sizing: border-box;">2+</sup> l<sup style="box-sizing: border-box;">−1</sup>, respectively. Results showed that high calcium concentration would favor the formation of big and fast-settling denitrifying granules. Extracellular proteins (PN) were found to increase, whereas extracellular polysaccharides (PS) almost remained unchanged with granulation in all three SBRs. Moreover, the PN contents in mature denitrifying granules were positively related to feed calcium concentration. These suggested that PN would play a more important role than PS in denitrifying granulation process. It was also revealed that about 2.5–2.9% of calcium in denitrifying granules was bound with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and further helped to strengthen the structure of denitrifying granules. Mature denitrifying granules cultured with 50 mg Ca<sup style="box-sizing: border-box;">2+</sup> l<sup style="box-sizing: border-box;">−1</sup> exhibited the highest specific denitrification rate (DNR) of 1040 mg N g<sup style="box-sizing: border-box;">−1</sup> VSS d<sup style="box-sizing: border-box;">−1</sup>.</div></span></div></div><div class="articleText" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1em; line-height: 18px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Keywords: </strong>Denitrifying granulation; Calcium; Sequencing batch reactors; Extracellular polymeric substances; Extracellular proteins; Specific denitrification rate</span></div></div><br />
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="line-height: 18px;"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-70462414783467489442011-01-25T08:01:00.000-08:002011-01-25T08:01:24.847-08:00An energy evaluation of coupling nutrient removal from wastewater with algal biomass production<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Applied Energy (2011) - <span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.12.056" id="ddDoi" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: underline;" target="doilink">doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.12.056</a></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DSturm,%2520Belinda%2520S.M.%26authorID%3D25226254000%26md5%3D1dd85b1ef406e504424b391878e5309b&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=e493d10ec2d4e7a77b34cf6acf9baa22" id="authname_1" style="color: #0156aa; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0156aa; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="white-space: nowrap;">Belinda S.M.</span></span><snm style="color: #0156aa; white-space: nowrap;"> Sturm</snm></a>,<sup> </sup> <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DLamer,%2520Stacey%2520L.%26authorID%3D36760842200%26md5%3D072c45dde87009a8f7ed9940288e7f10&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=efc9b0b4180b2b453a9366bf9b8fcc92" id="authname_2" style="color: #0156aa; white-space: nowrap;">Stacey L.<snm> Lamer</snm></a></span></span><br />
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<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; 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margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #777777;"></span></div></div><div class="normal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #777777;"></span></span></div></div><div class="normal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Recently, several life cycle analyses of algal biodiesel from virtual production facilities have outlined the potential environmental benefits and energetic balance of the process. There are a wide range of assumptions that have been utilized for these calculations, including the addition of fertilizers and carbon dioxide to achieve high algal yields in open ponds. This paper presents an energy balance of microalgal production in open ponds coupled with nutrient removal from wastewater. Actual microalgal yields and nutrient removal rates were obtained from four pilot-scale reactors (2500 gallons each) fed with wastewater effluent from a conventional activated sludge process for 6 months, and the data was used to estimate an energy balance for treating the total average 12 million gallons per day processed by the wastewater treatment plant. Since one of the most energy-intensive steps is the dewatering of algal cultures, several thickening and dewatering processes were compared. This analysis also includes the energy offset from removing nutrients with algal reactors rather than the biological nutrient removal processes typically utilized in municipal wastewater treatment. The results show that biofuel production is energetically favorable for open pond reactors utilizing wastewater as a nutrient source, even without an energy credit for nutrient removal. The energy content of algal biomass was also considered as an alternate to lipid extraction and biodiesel production. Direct combustion of algal biomass may be a more viable energy source than biofuel production, especially when the lipid content of dry biomass (10% in this field experiment) is lower than the high values reported in lab-scale reactors (50–60%).</div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1em; line-height: 18px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><strong>Keywords: </strong>Algal biofuel; Nutrient removal; Wastewater treatment; Energy balance; Dewatering</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-41794451102181049482011-01-25T07:55:00.001-08:002011-01-25T07:55:58.291-08:00Comprehensive review and compilation of pretreatments for mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion.<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 7.63889px; line-height: 15px;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=7993747309306088742" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(34, 34, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: #2222cc; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;" title="Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research.">Water Sci Technol.</a> 2011;63(2):291-6.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 8.33333px; line-height: 18px;"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Bordeleau%20EL%22%5BAuthor%5D" style="border-bottom-color: black; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: black; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">Bordeleau EL</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Droste%20RL%22%5BAuthor%5D" style="border-bottom-color: black; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: black; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">Droste RL</a>.</span><br />
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<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: helvetica, arial;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); 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margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #777777;"></span></div></div><div class="normal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #777777;"></span></span></div></div><div class="normal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">Organic matter hydrolysis prior to anaerobic digestion has been shown to improve biogas production (30-50%) and reduce solids (20-60%) by ultrasound, chemical, conventional heating, and microwave pretreatments. Numerous studies have been performed to determine the extent of digestion improvement but few focus on financial feasibility of these processes. A comprehensive model was created using Microsoft Excel and its Visual Basic Assistant to evaluate pretreatment permutations for conventional wastewater treatment plants. The four above-mentioned processes were evaluated for energetic and financial demands. Well-established energy equations and wastewater characteristics, both average and high, were used. Average and high flows were 460 and 750 × 10(3) m(3)/d, respectively. Net costs per influent flow for ultrasound, chemical, conventional heating, and microwave were 0.0166, 0.0217, 0.0124, 0.0119 $/m(3) and 0.0264, 0.0357, 0.0187, and 0.0162 $/m(3) for average and high conditions, respectively. The average cost increase from results excluding pretreatment use for all processes was 0.003 and 0.0055 $/m(3) for average and high conditions, respectively. No matter the permutation, pretreatments requiring more energy to achieve required hydrolysis levels were costlier. If energetic recoveries are substantial, dewaterability is positively affected, and solids meet environmental constraints to be handled and disposed at lower costs, pretreatments can be viable.</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-11531790411862403132011-01-21T19:06:00.000-08:002011-01-25T07:54:50.467-08:00Application of Membrane and Membrane-Like Technologies for State-of-the-art Wastewater Treatment<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #999999; font-family: Myriad, 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 8.33333px; line-height: 17px;"><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/1874-6519/" lang="" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #999999; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="Link to the Book Series of this Chapter">Environmental Security</a>, 2011, Part 2, <span class="pagination" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">107-120</span><span class="doi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">, <span class="label" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">DOI:</span> <span class="value" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">10.1007/978-94-007-0280-6_10</span></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #777777; font-family: Myriad, 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 8.33333px; line-height: 17px;"><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=Andrea+G.+Capodaglio" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #777777; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="View content where Author is Andrea G. Capodaglio">Andrea G. Capodaglio</a> and <a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=Arianna+Callegari" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #777777; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="View content where Author is Arianna Callegari">Arianna Callegari</a></span><br />
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<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: helvetica, arial;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; 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font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #777777; font-family: Myriad, 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; line-height: 20px;"></span></span></div><div class="normal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"></span></span><br />
<div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #777777; font-family: Myriad, 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 9.72222px; line-height: 20px;"></span></span></span></div><div class="normal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;">Membrane Bioreactors (MBR’s) are at the present time considered a key technology in wastewater treatment, either as a final process, or considering further additional options of water reuse, which is an emerging issue in many water-scarcity areas throughout the world. MBR technology has proved to provide reuse-quality water, and offers the unique capability to allow such upgradings while minimizing both the needs of available space and of building additional structures in an existing plant. In this paper, typical MBR projects, representing large- to small-scale applications, examples of plant upgrading, hybrid concepts, and different flow concepts, as well as examples of membrane like applications are illustrated.</span></span></div><div class="Keyword" lang="en" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12pt; margin-bottom: 0.8em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.8em; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"><span class="KeywordHeading" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Keywords </span>MBRs - WWTPs - wastewater - upgrading - nutrients - energy - BCR</span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-11572061187859906932011-01-21T19:04:00.000-08:002011-01-21T19:04:30.294-08:00Improvement strategy on enhanced biological phosphorus removal for municipal wastewater treatment plants: full-scale operating parameters, sludge activities and microbial features<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">Bioresource Technology (2011) - </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><img alt="" border="0" height="10" src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/clear.gif" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;" width="1" /><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.017" id="ddDoi" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;" target="doilink">doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.017</a></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Zhijian Zhang, Hui Li, Jun Zhu, Liu Weiping and Xu Xin</span></span><br />
<br />
<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: helvetica, arial;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); 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margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; 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margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #777777; font-family: Myriad, 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; line-height: 20px;"></span></div><div class="normal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">The poor quality of effluent discharged by municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is threatening the safety of water ecology. This study, which integrated a field survey, batch tests, and microbial community identification, was designed to improve the effectiveness of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process for WWTPs. Over two-thirds of the investigated WWTPs could not achieve total P in effluent lower than 0.5 mg/L, mainly due to the high ratio of chemical oxygen demand to P (28.6 to 196.2) in the influent. The rates of anaerobic P release and aerobic P uptake for the activated sludge varied from 0.22 to 7.9 mg/gVSS/h and 0.43 to 8.11 mg/gVSS/h, respectively. The fraction of <i>Accumulibacter</i> (PAOs: polyphosphate accumulating organisms) was 4.8±2.0% of the total biomass, while <i>Competibacter</i> (GAOs: glycogen accumulating organisms) accounted for 4.8±6.4%. The anaerobic P release rate was found to be an effective indicator of EBPR. Four classifications of the principal components were identified to improve the EBPR effluent quality and sludge activity.</div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div style="line-height: 18px;"><strong>Keywords: </strong>Municipal wastewater; Operational parameters; EBPR activity; Microbial population</div></div></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-7098515826599034412011-01-21T19:02:00.000-08:002011-01-21T19:02:22.642-08:00Anoxic Granulation in USB Reactor with Anaerobic Granulated Sludge as an Inoculum<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #999999; font-family: Myriad, 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 8.33333px; line-height: 17px;"><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/1874-6519/" lang="" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #999999; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="Link to the Book Series of this Chapter">Environmental Security</a>, 2011, Part 4, <span class="pagination" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">295-302</span><span class="doi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">, <span class="label" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">DOI:</span> <span class="value" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">10.1007/978-94-007-0280-6_28</span></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #777777; font-family: Myriad, 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 8.33333px; line-height: 17px;"><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=Katarina+Galbova" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #777777; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="View content where Author is Katarina Galbova">Katarina Galbova</a>, <a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=Ivana+Jonatova" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #777777; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="View content where Author is Ivana Jonatova">Ivana Jonatova</a>, <a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=Lenka+Babjakova" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #777777; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="View content where Author is Lenka Babjakova">Lenka Babjakova</a> and <a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/?Author=Miloslav+Drtil" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #777777; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="View content where Author is Miloslav Drtil">Miloslav Drtil</a></span><br />
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<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: helvetica, arial;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: helvetica, arial;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; 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margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #777777; font-family: Myriad, 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 9.72222px; line-height: 20px;"></span></div><div class="normal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Anaerobic granulated biomass from high-rate anaerobic IC reactor was tested as a possible inoculum for anoxic granulation in post-denitrification USB reactor. The aim of the experiment was cultivate anoxic granules and to remove nitrates from wastewater after activated sludge process and secondary clarifier (20 mg l-1 NO3-N; with external organic carbon methanol; COD methanol: NO3-N = 6). Adaptation of anaerobic biomass to anoxic conditions and methanol lasted from 7 to 25 days. Anoxic granules with diameter of 3–5 mm and with excellent settling properties were cultivated by the anoxic granulation process. Maximum loadings of the USB reactor up to 22.4 kg COD m-3 d-1 and 3.2m3 m-2 h-1 proved exceptional properties of this kind of biomass. Compact structure and clear difference between core and cover of the granules, with dominant filamentous bacteria Sphaerotilus natans on the surface of the granules were detected by microscopic observation of the granules.</div><div class="Keyword" lang="en" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12pt; margin-bottom: 0.8em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.8em; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="KeywordHeading" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Keywords </span>inoculum for anoxic granulation - granular sludge - post-denitrification in USB reactor - microscopic observation</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-20244450240584861452011-01-21T18:59:00.000-08:002011-01-21T18:59:46.725-08:00Analysis of microbial communities developed on the fouling layers of a membrane-coupled anaerobic bioreactor applied to wastewater treatment<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">Bioresource Technology (2011) - </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.007" id="ddDoi" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: underline;" target="doilink">doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.007</a></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Kadiya Calderón, Belén Rodelas, Nathalie Cabirol, Jesús González-López and Adalberto Noyola</span></span><br />
<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; 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margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: helvetica, arial;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; 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margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate;"></span></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate;">The structure of the biofouling layers formed on a pilot-scale membrane-coupled upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor (UASB) used to treat urban wastewater was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and electron-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. For comparison, control samples of the membranes were fed either UASB effluent or raw wastewater in a laboratory-scale experiment. Microbial diversity in the fouling materials was analyzed by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) combined with sequence analysis of partial 16S rRNA. Significant differences in structure of the Bacteria communities were observed amongst the different fouling layers analyzed in the UASB membranes, particularly following a chemical cleaning step (NaClO), while the Archaea communities retained more similarity in all samples. The main Bacteria populations identified were evolutively close to Firmicutes (42.3%) and Alpha-proteobacteria (30.8%), while Archaea were mostly affiliated to the Methanosarcinales and Methanospirillaceae. Sphingomonadaceae-related bacteria and methanogenic Archaea were persistently found as components of biofouling, regardless of chemical cleaning.</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-5638521944110098152011-01-21T18:55:00.000-08:002011-01-21T18:55:14.448-08:00Process modeling and analysis of biological nutrients removal in an integrated RBC-AS system using response surface methodology<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">Chemical Engineering Journal (2011) - </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.01.003" id="ddDoi" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: underline;" target="doilink">doi:10.1016/j.cej.2011.01.003</a></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">A. Akhbari, A.A.L. Zinatizadeh, P. Mohammadi, M. Irandoust and Y. Mansouri</span></span><br />
<br />
<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: helvetica, arial;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: helvetica, arial;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate;"></span></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">In this study, the removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from a synthetic wastewater in an integrated rotating biological contactor (RBC) and activated sludge (AS) system was investigated. The experiments were conducted based on a central composite design (CCD) and analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). In order to analyze the process, four significant independent variables viz. hydraulic retention time (HRT), chemical oxygen demand (COD) to nitrogen ratio (COD/N), internal recirculation from aerobic to anoxic zone (R) and disks rotating speed (r) and six dependent process and quality parameters as the process responses were studied. The region of the exploration for the process was taken as the area enclosed by hydraulic retention times (9.7, 18.7 h), COD/N ratios (4, 20), R (1, 4), and r (5, 15 rpm) boundaries. The most effective factors on the process performance were found to be HRT and R in terms of COD and TN removal. The optimal region was enclosed by the entire HRT (18, 18.7 h) and r (5, 15 rpm) boundaries, at the medians of the COD: N: P (1000:83:30) and R (2.5). The present study provides valuable information about interrelations of quality and process parameters at different values of the studied variables.</div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div style="line-height: 18px;"><strong>Keywords: </strong>Biological nutrients removal; integrated RBC and AS; internal recirculation; disks rotating speed; response surface methodology (RSM)</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-67217582237533038212011-01-21T18:50:00.000-08:002011-01-21T18:52:13.930-08:00Potential for methane production from anaerobic co-digestion of swine manure with winery wastewater<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: xx-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">Bioresource Technology (2011)- </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.077" id="ddDoi" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: underline;" target="doilink">doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.077</a></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: xx-small;">B. Riaño, B. Molinuevo and M.C. García-González</span></span><br />
<br />
<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: helvetica, arial;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: helvetica, arial;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"></span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></span></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;">This work examines the methane production potential for the anaerobic co-digestion of swine manure (SM) with winery wastewater (WW). Batch and semi-continuous experiments were carried out under mesophilic conditions. Batch experiments revealed that the highest specific methane yield was 348 mL CH<sub>4</sub> g<sup>−1</sup> COD added, obtained at 85.4% of WW and 0.7 g COD g<sup>−1</sup> VS. Specific methane yield from SM alone was 27 mL CH<sub>4</sub> g<sup>−1</sup> COD added d<sup>−1</sup>. Furthermore, specific methane yields were 49, 87 and 107 mL CH<sub>4</sub> g<sup>−1</sup> COD added d<sup>−1</sup> for the reactors co-digesting mixtures with 10% WW, 25% WW and 40% WW, respectively. Co-digestion with 40% WW improved the removal efficiencies up to 52% (TCOD), 132% (SCOD) and 61% (VSS) compared to SM alone. These results suggest that methane can be produced very efficiently by the co-digestion of swine manure with winery wastewater.</span></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: helvetica, arial;"><strong>Keywords: </strong>Swine manure; Winery wastewater; Anaerobic co-digestion; Methane</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-85640257770381634622011-01-21T18:48:00.000-08:002011-01-21T18:48:44.686-08:00Study on the Influence Factors of the Improved A2/O Process Used in Swine Wastewater Treatment<span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: helvetica, arial; font-size: 8.33333px;"><a href="http://www.scientific.net/AMR" style="color: maroon;">Advanced Materials Research</a> (Volumes 183 - 185) PP. 778-782 (2011)</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: helvetica, arial; font-size: 8.33333px;"><a href="http://www.scientific.net/author/Ming_Fen_Niu" style="color: maroon;">Ming Fen Niu</a>, <a href="http://www.scientific.net/author/Zhi_Yuan_Liu" style="color: maroon;">Zhi Yuan Liu</a>, <a href="http://www.scientific.net/author/Zhuo_Ping_Li" style="color: maroon;">Zhuo Ping Li</a>, <a href="http://www.scientific.net/author/Dong_Xu_Zhou" style="color: maroon;">Dong Xu Zhou</a></span><br />
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<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"></span></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"></span></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: helvetica, arial; line-height: normal;">An experiment of treating anaerobic fermented hogpen sewage by improved A2/O reactor was carried out to study the influence factors affect the pollution mater reducing rate during the course of combine domestication. After anaerobic fermented cultivation course of hogpen sewage by A2/O technics, thought the treatment system’s parameters included hydraulics reside time (HRT), deliquescent oxygen (DO), and reflux ration of nitrate solution (r) to study the system’s treatment effect. The experiment results indicated that the improved A2/O process starts with a smooth flow mode, the effluent COD, NH3-N removal were steady at about 90%, TN removal rate of up to 60% of available, TP removal rate of 85%, according to the test results, taking into account the energy consumption problem, the best conditions for the system: DO= 3 mg / L, HRT =24 h, nitration liquid reflux ratio 3.</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-50672635421403639482011-01-17T11:45:00.000-08:002011-01-21T18:46:45.043-08:00Aerobic granulation for nitrogen removal via nitrite in a sequencing batch reactor and the emission of nitrous oxide<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: xx-small;">Bioresource Technology (2011)-<span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><img alt="" border="0" height="10" src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/clear.gif" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;" width="1" /></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.081" id="ddDoi" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;" target="doilink">doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.081</a></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: xx-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.081" id="ddDoi" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;" target="doilink"></a></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><strong><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DShi,%2520Yi-Jing%26authorID%3D35216291800%26md5%3D1c116093e085d7cb33ad8046a48404c0&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=95db19745674b9057f7a7606a3566495" id="authname_1" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">Yi-Jing<snm> Shi</snm></a>, <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DWang,%2520Xin-Hua%26authorID%3D8451700700%26md5%3D52ed19f25d9d7cd0ab883bfea57ba53d&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=3befc0ee02507370980a11f29931162c" id="authname_2" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">Xin-Hua<snm> Wang</snm></a>, <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DYu,%2520Hai-Bo%26authorID%3D36660050500%26md5%3Dc6c31baa3c326e8d636b3c0c860e8dcc&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=28ed441b9ba9c8d5035e04c7e8659a8e" id="authname_3" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">Hai-Bo<snm> Yu</snm></a><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V24-51J366F-6&_user=940030&_coverDate=02%2F28%2F2011&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_origin=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=940030&md5=36e296d548082d6a22a2a9eac3342ab1&searchtype=a#aff1" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"><sup>a</sup></a>, <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DXie,%2520Hui-Jun%26authorID%3D35172198900%26md5%3D76223547ded99b5573c6b1e56f88fb12&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=1f311d5af495181edc7b6b7cb8c3dbb9" id="authname_4" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">Hui-Jun<snm> Xie</snm></a>, <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DTeng,%2520Shao-Xiang%26authorID%3D26422558900%26md5%3D9636711f4a1a5a15d80f1e95ec0b04a1&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=3c507b782c5ac57e11af5f9899f2c640" id="authname_5" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">Shao-Xiang<snm> Teng</snm></a>, <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DSun,%2520Xue-Fei%26authorID%3D35491883300%26md5%3Db6c7b45071ce473a875241fe8d8c3bde&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=2e77833ef5fb72a2c936bf0f50344879" id="authname_6" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">Xue-Fei<snm> Sun</snm></a>, <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DTian,%2520Bing-Hui%26authorID%3D24436364500%26md5%3Db508e1321c8516e9641ffcf7685f9e87&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=4136155e74f816c1ef87c90e67ce4d63" id="authname_7" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0156aa;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="white-space: nowrap;">Bing-Hui</span></span><snm style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"> Tia</snm></a>n, <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DWang,%2520Shu-Guang%26authorID%3D35491809900%26md5%3Debb6c34d4b0883e88fbd6ce0ed8e05c2&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=e37ffa565474a8928554f866fe6e0f3d" id="authname_8" style="color: #0156aa; white-space: nowrap;">Shu-Guang<snm> Wang</snm></a></strong></span></span><br />
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<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"></span></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">In this study, the granulation of nitrifying–denitrifying via nitrite process in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) as well as N<sub>2</sub>O emission patterns was investigated. After 60 days of operation, 0.8 mm granules were obtained, and partial nitrification was achieved after <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7993747309306088742&postID=5067263542140363948" name="mml2" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"></a><span class="inlMMLBox" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; display: inline; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V24-51J366F-6&_mathId=mml2&_user=940030&_cdi=5692&_pii=S0960852410018845&_rdoc=1&_issn=09608524&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=cc754fa61eaf50f2046d3ef5b68d99f8" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="View the MathML source" border="0" height="19" src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/cache/MiamiImageURL/B6V24-51J366F-6-8/0?wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkzS" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" title="View the MathML source" width="64" /></a></span> was raised to 350 mg/L. Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization (FISH) analysis indicated that a fairly large proportion of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was close to the surface but nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were rarely found. Batch experiments showed that 64.0% of <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7993747309306088742&postID=5067263542140363948" name="mml3" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"></a><span class="inlMMLBox" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; display: inline; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V24-51J366F-6&_mathId=mml3&_user=940030&_cdi=5692&_pii=S0960852410018845&_rdoc=1&_issn=09608524&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=3864650f2f2173fe0c43681635fa1fd0" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="View the MathML source" border="0" height="19" src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/cache/MiamiImageURL/B6V24-51J366F-6-N/0?wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkzS" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" title="View the MathML source" width="64" /></a></span> in influent was transformed into <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7993747309306088742&postID=5067263542140363948" name="mml4" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"></a><span class="inlMMLBox" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; display: inline; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V24-51J366F-6&_mathId=mml4&_user=940030&_cdi=5692&_pii=S0960852410018845&_rdoc=1&_issn=09608524&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=5a975863c2465d77639dabf0ef06122c" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="View the MathML source" border="0" height="17" src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/cache/MiamiImageURL/B6V24-51J366F-6-W/0?wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkzS" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" title="View the MathML source" width="63" /></a></span>, which showed the granules had excellent partial nitrification ability. Inhibition of free ammonia (FA) and limited DO diffusion within granules may contribute to the development and stabilization of partial nitrification. This process did not simultaneously lead to increased N<sub>2</sub>O production. N<sub>2</sub>O emissions at the anoxic and aerobic phases were 0.06 and 13.13 mg N<sub>2</sub>O/cycle, respectively.</div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><strong>Keywords: </strong>Aerobic granule; Partial nitrification and denitrification; FISH analysis; N<sub>2</sub>O emission</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-15450760895592581492011-01-17T11:34:00.000-08:002011-01-17T11:39:21.916-08:00Autotrophic nitrite removal in the cathode of microbial fuel cells<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: xx-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><strong>Bioresource Technology (2011)-</strong></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.100" id="ddDoi" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;" target="doilink">doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.100</a></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">Sebastià</span><snm style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> Puig</snm><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">, Marc</span><snm style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> Serra</snm><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">, Ariadna</span><snm style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> Vilar-Sanz</snm><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">, Marina</span><snm style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> Cabré</snm><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">, Lluís</span><snm style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> Bañeras</snm><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">, Jesús</span><snm><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> Colprim</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 7px;">,</span></snm><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> M. Dolors</span><snm style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> Balaguer</snm></strong></span><br />
<br />
<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Nitrification to nitrite (nitritation process) followed by reduction to dinitrogen gas decreases the energy demand and the carbon requirements of the overall process of nitrogen removal. This work studies autotrophic nitrite removal in the cathode of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Special attention was paid to determining whether nitrite is used as the electron acceptor by exoelectrogenic bacteria (biologic reaction) or by graphite electrodes (abiotic reaction). The results demonstrated that, after a nitrate pulse at the cathode, nitrite was initially accumulated; subsequently, nitrite was removed. Nitrite and nitrate can be used interchangeably as an electron acceptor by exoelectrogenic bacteria for nitrogen reduction from wastewater while producing bioelectricity. However, if oxygen is present in the cathode chamber, nitrite is oxidised via biological or electrochemical processes. The identification of a dominant bacterial member similar to <i>Oligotropha carboxidovorans</i> confirms that autotrophic denitrification is the main metabolism mechanism in the cathode of an MFC.</div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><strong>Keywords: </strong>Biocathode; Microbial fuel cell; Nitrate; Nitrite</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-61346749274678038042011-01-17T11:27:00.000-08:002011-01-17T11:32:10.725-08:00Nitrogen removal from wastewater with a low COD/N ratio at a low oxygen concentration<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: xx-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><strong><span class="Apple-style-span">Bioresource Technology (2011)-</span></strong></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-color: initial; border-style: initial;"><img alt="" border="0" height="10" src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/clear.gif" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;" width="1" /></span><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.116" id="ddDoi" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;" target="doilink">doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.116</a></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">Katarzyna</span><snm style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> Bernat</snm><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">, Dorota</span><snm style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> Kulikowska</snm><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">, Magdalena</span><snm style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> Zielińska</snm><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">, Agnieszka</span><snm><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> Cydzik-Kwiatkowska</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 7px;">,</span></snm><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> Irena</span><snm style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> Wojnowska-Baryła</snm></strong></span><br />
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<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"></span></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;">The goal of the study was to determine the effectiveness of nitrification and denitrification and the kinetics of ammonia removal from a mixture of wastewater and anaerobic sludge digester supernatant in an SBR at limited oxygen concentration. In addition, the COD removal efficiency and sludge production were assessed.</span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7993747309306088742&postID=6134674927467803804" name="sp010" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"></a></span><br />
<div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;">In the SBR cycle alternating aerobic and anaerobic phases occurred; in the aeration phase the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration was below 0.7 mg O<sub>2</sub>/L. The low DO concentration did not inhibit ammonia oxidation – nitrification and the efficiency was ca. 96-98%. However, a relatively high COD concentration in the effluent was detected. The values of K<sub>m</sub> and V<sub>max</sub>, calculated from the Michaelis-Menten equation, were 43 mg N-NH<sub>4</sub>/L and 15.64 mg N-NH<sub>4</sub>/Lh, respectively. Activated sludge production was almost stable (0.62-0.66 g MLVSS/g COD). A high net biomass production resulted from a low specific biomass decay rate of 0.0015 d<sup>-1</sup>.</span></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Key words: </strong>anaerobic sludge digester supernatant; SBR; nitrification/denitrification; COD removal; sludge production</span></div></div></div><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-72305984711820294952011-01-17T11:11:00.000-08:002011-01-17T11:12:22.177-08:00Comparison of chemical and biological pretreatment of corn straw for biogas production by anaerobic digestion<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">Bioresource Technology (2011)-</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-color: initial; border-style: initial;"><img alt="" border="0" height="10" src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/clear.gif" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;" width="1" /></span><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2010.12.020" id="ddDoi" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;" target="doilink">doi:10.1016/j.renene.2010.12.020</a> </span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><strong><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DZhong,%2520Weizhang%26authorID%3D36717225800%26md5%3D58a924677f3e456149a279946d34c491&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=88c389ecd018019511ffdead0546d106" id="authname_1" style="color: #0156aa; font-size: 8.33333px; text-decoration: underline; white-space: nowrap;">Weizhang<snm> Zhong</snm></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">, </span><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DZhang,%2520Zhongzhi%26authorID%3D36717207500%26md5%3D13d74158ea0d1e5fca2e7e96dd43b9f9&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=97866e76a98ee81a9e091d5fd3173950" id="authname_2" style="color: #0156aa; font-size: 8.33333px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0156aa;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px; white-space: nowrap;">Zhongzhi</span></span><snm style="color: #0156aa; font-size: 8.33333px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"> Zhan</snm></a>,<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">, <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7993747309306088742&postID=7230598471182029495" name="au3" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"></a></span><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DQiao,%2520Wei%26authorID%3D36716433400%26md5%3D295013860f8dea81fe7de6db7fa849ad&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=303ea7558c0066762610714934217b28" id="authname_3" style="color: #0156aa; font-size: 8.33333px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">Wei<snm> Qiao</snm></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">, </span><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DFu,%2520Pengcheng%26authorID%3D36716286900%26md5%3D648552da80186fc20b27bb98a3734460&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=e3ba79aed0df7c554e91d202d64a4e83" id="authname_4" style="color: #0156aa; font-size: 8.33333px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0156aa;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="white-space: nowrap;">Pengcheng</span></span><snm style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"> Fu</snm></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 7px;">,</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7993747309306088742&postID=7230598471182029495" name="au5" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"></a></span><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DLiu,%2520Man%26authorID%3D36716503200%26md5%3D89d7aa3ebd0eedf37694b2a032ca58c7&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=119e5a25949b22f06afb9deebc7b489d" id="authname_5" style="color: #0156aa; font-size: 8.33333px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">Man<snm> Liu</snm></a></strong></span><br />
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<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;">I</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">n this work, the effects of corn straw pretreatments using Fungus <i>Pleurotus florida</i> and chemicals such as NaOH, ammonia, and urea on the biogasification performance by anaerobic digestion were compared. A laboratory-scale, single-phase and continuous anaerobic biogas digester was used for the evaluation. It was found that after different treatments, the compositional contents of corn straw such as lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose would be degraded significantly, and that the physical structure of the lignocellulose matrix would also be changed. Our anaerobic digestion experiments showed that the biogas productivity was increased by all the pretreatments; and that the biogas production after NaOH treatment would be 207.07% and 16.58% higher than the raw corn straw and biologically pretreated ones, respectively.</span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Keywords: </strong>Biogas; Biological pretreatment; Chemical pretreatment; Corn straw; <i>Pleurotus florida</i>; Anaerobic digestion</span> </span><br />
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</span></div></div><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-89347371059527213442011-01-17T11:08:00.000-08:002011-01-17T11:10:04.481-08:00Influence of anoxic and anaerobic hydraulic retention time on biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal in a membrane bioreactor<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: xx-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">Desalination 2011; </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2010.12.001" id="ddDoi" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: underline;" target="doilink">doi:10.1016/j.desal.2010.12.001</a></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><strong><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DBrown,%2520Patrick%26authorID%3D36702431500%26md5%3D07750f828c2273cbc6fc86bc6a026aa5&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=97c49ac5fb62f34e645032739b9038fe" id="authname_1" style="color: #0156aa; font-size: 8.33333px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">Patrick<snm> Brown</snm></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">, </span><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DOng,%2520Say%2520Kee%26authorID%3D35234359700%26md5%3Df62842e451a151a7c53963596c447aa7&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=a2c2acface97074c2e97f0d284d12e32" id="authname_2" style="color: #0156aa; font-size: 8.33333px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0156aa;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="white-space: nowrap;">Say Kee</span></span><snm style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"> Ong</snm></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 7px;">,</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;"> </span><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=RedirectURL&_method=outwardLink&_partnerName=27983&_origin=article&_zone=art_page&_linkType=scopusAuthorDocuments&_targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scopus.com%2Fscopus%2Finward%2Fauthor.url%3FpartnerID%3D10%26rel%3D3.0.0%26sortField%3Dcited%26sortOrder%3Dasc%26author%3DLee,%2520Yong-Woo%26authorID%3D27170844400%26md5%3D42f343a96eb649f742b17837e0bab355&_acct=C000048763&_version=1&_userid=940030&md5=7061086fa5912c753fda7507f6e71a62" id="authname_3" style="color: #0156aa; font-size: 8.33333px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">Yong-Woo<snm> Lee</snm></a></strong></span><br />
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<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;">Influence of anaerobic and anoxic hydraulic retention time (HRT), a commonly used parameter by treatment plant design engineers and operators, on nitrogen and phosphorus removal was studied in an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactor with fixed recycle rates. Anaerobic HRTs were varied between 0.5 and 3 h, anoxic HRTs were varied between 1 and 5 h while the aerobic HRT was fixed at 8 h. Total nitrogen removals ranged from 76% to 89% and were found to increase with increasing anoxic HRTs but were minimally impacted by increasing anaerobic HRTs except when the anoxic HRT was at 5 h. Phosphorus removals ranged from 40% to 82% and were found to increase with increasing anaerobic HRTs from 0.5 to 2 h but decreased for an anaerobic HRT of 3 h and with an increase in anoxic HRTs. The study shows that optimal removals for both nitrogen and phosphorus require balancing the conflicting needs of a longer anoxic HRT for increased nitrogen removal but decreased phosphorus removal and an optimal anaerobic HRT for phosphorus removal without impacting the nitrogen removal. The most favorable HRTs for combined optimal nitrogen and phosphorus removal were found to be 2-h anaerobic and 4-h anoxic.</span> </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-21050201223634503682011-01-08T17:20:00.000-08:002011-01-17T11:06:04.616-08:00Effect of organic loading rate on VFA production, organic matter removal and microbial activity of a two-stage thermophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Bioresource Technology (2010)</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Kaushalya C. Wijekoon, Chettiyappan Visvanatha, and Amila Abeynayaka</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"></span><br />
<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;">This study focused on the VFA (volatile fatty acid) profile variation with organic loading rate (OLR) of a two stage thermophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor (TAnMBR). The two stage TAnMBR treating high strength molasses-based synthetic wastewater was operated under a side-stream partial sedimentation mode at 55 <sup>o</sup>C. Reactor performances were studied at different OLR ranging from 5-12 kg COD.m<sup>-3</sup>.d<sup>-1</sup>. Operational performance of TAnMBR was monitored by assessing biological activity, organic removal efficiency, and VFA. The major intermediate products of anaerobic digestion were identified as acetate, propionate, iso-butyrate, n-butyrate and valerate. Among them acetate and n-butyrate were identified as the most abundant components. Increase of OLR changes the predominant VFA type from acetic acid to n-butyric acid and the total VFA concentration was increased with increased OLR. Moreover, increased OLR increased organic removal efficiency up to second loading rate and dropped in third loading rate while biological activity was increased continuously.</span> </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-40532604031545432472011-01-08T17:16:00.000-08:002011-01-08T17:18:23.949-08:00Gravity drainage of activated sludge: new experimental method and considerations of settling velocity, specific cake resistance and cake compressibility<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Water Research (Dec 31, 2010)</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Dominik Dominiak, <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7993747309306088742&postID=4053260403154543247" name="au2" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"></a>Morten Christensen, <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7993747309306088742&postID=4053260403154543247" name="au3" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"></a>Kristian Keiding and <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7993747309306088742&postID=4053260403154543247" name="au4" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;"></a>Per Halkjær Nielsen</span></span><br />
<br />
<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;">A laboratory scale setup was used for characterization of gravitational drainage of waste activated sludge. The aim of the study was to assess how time of drainage and cake dry matter depended on volumetric load, SS content and sludge floc properties. It was demonstrated that activated sludge forms compressible cakes, even at the low pressures found in gravitational drainage. The values of specific cake resistance were two to three orders of magnitude lower than those obtained in pressure filtration. Despite the compressible nature of sludge, key macroscopic parameters such as time of drainage and cake solid content showed simple functional dependency of the volumetric load and SS of a given sludge. This suggests that the proposed method may be applied for design purposes without the use of extensive numerical modeling. The possibilities for application of this new technique are, among others, the estimation ofsludge drainability prior to mechanical dewatering on a belt filter, or the application of surplus sludge on reed beds, as well as adjustments of sludge loading, concentration or sludge pre-treatment in order to optimize the drainage process.</span> </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div style="line-height: 18px;"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-58931647381902970822011-01-08T17:09:00.000-08:002011-01-08T17:14:42.104-08:00Research on the Mass Transfer Dynamics of Biologic Fluidized Bed<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 8.33333px; line-height: 17px;"><a href="http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=5660084" style="color: #006699; text-decoration: underline;">(ICEEE), 2010 International Conference on</a> (2010)</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 8.33333px; line-height: 17px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 8.33333px;">Chen, Yue-fang; Yu, Lu-lu; Liu, Hui;</span></span><br />
<br />
<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 19px;">Abstract-In order to exert the advantages of biologic fluidized bed best and optimizing the working parameters of the fluidized bed, research has been done on the mass transfer dynamics of the biologic fluidized bed. It proved that the cylindrical fluidized bed had the best fluidization effect and low dissipation of energy. There is a linear growth relation between the aeration intensity and the ratio of the stuffing; the movement velocity of the stuffing increases significantly as the aeration quantity grows; the movement velocity of the stuffing falls as the ratio of the stuffing decreases. According to the influence that the ratio of the stuffing and the aeration quantity have on the oxygen transfer coefficient (KLa), oxygen transfer rate (dc/dt) and the oxygenation capacity (OC) of the reactor, considering the economical efficiency simultaneously, the conclusion is that the fluidized bed has the best fluidization effect and highest oxygen transfer ratio when the aeration quantity is 0.20m3/h and the stuffing ratio is 30%.</span> </span></div><div style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div style="line-height: 18px;"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-57315200705194466712011-01-08T17:03:00.000-08:002011-01-08T17:07:50.905-08:00Effect of Coagulant on Phosphorus Uptake and Release in EBPR Process<h2 style="clear: left; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: x-small;"><table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; font-weight: normal;"><tbody>
<tr><td><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Journal of Water and Environment Technology</span></strong></td></tr>
</tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: normal;"><tbody>
<tr><td><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Vol. 8 (2010) , No. 4 pp.383-392</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: normal; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/search/?typej=on&typep=on&typer=on&d3=au&dp3=Iori+MISHIMA&ca=999999&alang=all&rev=all&pl=20&search=%8C%9F%8D%F5%8E%C0%8Ds">Iori MISHIMA</a>, <a href="http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/search/?typej=on&typep=on&typer=on&d3=au&dp3=Jun+NAKAJIMA&ca=999999&alang=all&rev=all&pl=20&search=%8C%9F%8D%F5%8E%C0%8Ds">Jun NAKAJIMA</a></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table></span></span></span></span></h2><h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;">Laboratory scale experiments operated by the EBPR (enhanced biological phosphorus removal) process with coagulant addition were carried out to clarify the effects of coagulant on phosphorus uptake and release as well as the stabilization of phosphorus removal efficiency in the EBPR process using sequencing batch reactors. Phosphorus was removed without Fe addition, however, standard deviation of effluent PO</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"><sub>4</sub></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;">-P concentration was high and the phosphorus removal performance was generally unstable. Phosphorus removal was stable with the Fe addition. The PO</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;"><sub>4</sub></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal;">-P concentrations at the end of the anaerobic phase with Fe addition were lower than those concentrations without Fe addition. The phosphorus uptake rates at the aerobic phase with Fe addition were higher than those concentrations without Fe addition. These indicated that coagulant addition could decrease the phosphorus concentration at the end of anaerobic phase and enhance the phosphorus uptake rate during aerobic phase. These contributed to the stabilization of the phosphorus removal in the EBPR process. Addition of Fe with Fe/P molar ratio of 0.2 was enough to stabilize the phosphorus removal efficiency. The molar ratio was extremely small compared to the usual amount of the coagulant added in the activated sludge process.</span></span> </span></div><div style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-11280522482844500262011-01-08T16:59:00.000-08:002011-01-08T17:00:54.469-08:00Installation, Startup and Performance of Up-Flow Anaerobic Fixed Film Fixed Bed Reactor for Oil Refinery Waste Water<span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 6.94444px;"></span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 7.63889px;">Third International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology (2010)</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><a href="http://www.computer.org/search/results?action=authorsearch&resultsPerPage=50&queryOption1=DC_CREATOR&sortOrder=descending&queryText1=Sachin%20B.%20Patil" rel="nofollow" style="color: black; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Sachin B. Patil</a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><a href="http://www.computer.org/search/results?action=authorsearch&resultsPerPage=50&queryOption1=DC_CREATOR&sortOrder=descending&queryText1=P.B.%20Nagarnaik" rel="nofollow" style="color: black; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">P.B. Nagarnaik</a></div><h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; color: black; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;">An Anaerobic Fixed Film Fixed Bed Reactor (AFFFB) model is installed and studied for treating Oil Refinery Waste Water. Application of anaerobic fixed film fixed bed reactor containing mixed population of bacteria helps in bacterial immobilization of biofilm on a support medium in the reactor which overcomes the problem of biomass washout. Knowledge of hydrodynamics characteristics helps in better understanding and evaluating the performance of any reactor. This paper presents the study of hydraulic retention time (HRT) carried out to investigate the hydrodynamic behavior of AFFFB reactor under the influence of varied hydraulic loading, resulting in range 0.5 days to 5 days. Results have demonstrated that the flow pattern is more close to a plug flow type and vary with varying intensity of dispersion and the extent of dispersion increases with decrease in HRTs. The experiment was conducted for different COD loading and different flow rates. The COD reduction efficiency was observed to be 66.10 percent to 94.13 percent. The evaluated parameters are listed.</span> </span></div></div><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; line-height: 18px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-87218315381156987942010-12-29T09:31:00.000-08:002010-12-29T09:31:41.117-08:00Expert System of a Sewage Treatment Plant for Wood Industry978-1-4244-6850-©2010 IEEE<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">J. Bouza-Fernandez, G. Gonzalez-Filgueira, S. de las Heras Jimenez, D.Vazquez-Gonzalez</span><br />
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<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This paper describes the methodology and solution to automate and monitor a sewage treatment plant from an industry dedicated to the manufacture of wood panels. The control system designed, not only governs all elements of performance of the plant, but also oversees its proper functioning. It also has a human-machine interface with a daily working and emergency program, </span></div><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">accompanied by an information system supported by records and alarms to facilitate human decisions making if were necessary. The proposed solution, not only increases the reliability and safety of the process with respect to plants or other type semi-automatic operation, but also reduces costs by improving process efficiency and minimizes costs in maintenance and monitoring. </span></div></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; line-height: 18px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><br />
</b></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-1661581441796173262010-12-29T09:25:00.000-08:002010-12-29T09:28:43.607-08:00Biological sludge reduction and enhanced nutrient removal in a pilot-scale system with 2-Step sludge alkaline fermentation and A2O process<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"></span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/clear.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" height="10" src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/clear.gif" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1em;" width="1" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.051" id="ddDoi" style="color: #0156aa; text-decoration: none;" target="doilink">doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.051</a>- Bioresourse Technology (2010)</span></strong></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">Yongqing<snm> Gao</snm>, Yongzhen<snm> Peng</snm>, Jingyu<snm> Zhang</snm>, Shuying<snm> Wang</snm>, Jianhua<snm> Guo </snm>and Liu<snm> Ye</snm></span></span><br />
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<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font-family: Times; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></span></h2><div><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span></div></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="color: black; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></span></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">To enhance nutrient removal performance and reduce disposal amount of waste activated sludge (WAS), a pilot-scale continuous system consisting of a 2-step sludge alkaline fermentation process and an A<sup>2</sup>O reactor was proposed. The feasibility of WAS reducing and resourcing by alkaline fermentation was investigated. Volatile fatty acids (VFA) yield was higher under alkaline condition than that under acidic condition. Through 2-step alkaline fermentation, substantial VFA was accumulated, and then elutriated out continuously from an up-flow column by domestic wastewater. The results showed that 38.2% of sludge was hydrolyzed, 19.7% was finally acidified into VFA, and as high as 42.1% of WAS was reduced. Moreover, after introducing the fermentation liquids with higher proportion of acetic acid and propionic acid into the A<sup>2</sup>O reactor, the total nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies reached to 80.1% and 90.0%, respectively. Sludge reduction and enhanced nutrient removal could be achieved simultaneously in the proposed system.</span></div></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Key words: </strong>Waste activated sludge; Alkaline fermentation; Sludge reduction; Volatile fatty acids; Biological nutrient removal; Sludge resource</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7993747309306088742.post-47667073254752038872010-12-29T09:20:00.000-08:002010-12-29T09:22:56.467-08:00The Effect of Degree of Recycle on the Nitrifier Growth Rate<h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: normal; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 6.25px;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/wef/wer;jsessionid=1b9daqrhupril.alice" style="color: #c4722e; text-decoration: underline;" title="Water Environment Research">Water Environment Research</a>, Volume 83, Number 1, January 2011 , pp. 26-35(10) </span></span></span></h2><h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; font-weight: normal; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span>Jimenez, Jose; Melcer, Henryk; Parker, Denny; Bratby, John</span></h2><h2 style="clear: left; color: #29754e; font: normal normal bold 1.1em/normal 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 20px; width: 430px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-size: 11.6667px; line-height: 18px;">Abstract</span></span></span></h2><div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"></span></span></span></div></div><div id="abstractBox" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f4f9fd; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-bottom-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(163, 205, 183); border-top-left-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px 5px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-top: 7px; width: 608px;"><div class="articleBody_abstractText" style="margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 7px; margin-right: 7px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0pt; padding-right: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" xmlns:acs="http://namespace.acs.org/2008/acs" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div></div><div class="articleText" style="display: inline; line-height: 18px;"><div class="articleText_indent" style="padding-left: 15px;"><div style="line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The nitrifier maximum specific growth rate, μ<sub>A,max</sub>, is a critical parameter for the design and performance of nitrifying activated sludge systems. Although many investigations studied μ<sub>A,max</sub>, only a few have dealt with the effect of the reactor configuration on this important kinetic parameter. Bench- and full-scale trials were devised to study the effect of the internal mixed-liquor recycle (IMLR) on the nitrifier growth rate constant. The nitrifier growth rate constant for an existing activated sludge plant was determined at different operational conditions using the high food-to-microorganism ratio (F/M) test and by process model calibration. Overall, the results obtained during this study indicate that high IMLR values have a negative effect on μ<sub>A,max</sub>. Based on the results obtained during this investigation, a 15% decrease in μ<sub>A,max</sub> was observed at an IMLR of 4<i>Q</i> or higher. It is surmised that, at high IMLRs, the reactor behavior shifts from a plug-flow configuration to a “quasi” complete-mix configuration, influencing either the species selection in activated sludge population or at least the adaptation of specific species. These results have a tremendous effect on the design of activated sludge processes that incorporate IMLR for denitrification, such as the Bardenpho, Modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE), University of Cape Town (UCT), and Phoredox or anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic (A<sup>2</sup>/O) processes.</span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4b4942; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong style="font-weight: bold !important;">Keywords:</strong> <a href="http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search;jsessionid=1b9daqrhupril.alice?database=1&title=nitrification" style="color: #c4722e; text-decoration: underline;">nitrification</a>; <a href="http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search;jsessionid=1b9daqrhupril.alice?database=1&title=nitrifier%20growth%20rate" style="color: #c4722e; text-decoration: underline;">nitrifier growth rate</a>; <a href="http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search;jsessionid=1b9daqrhupril.alice?database=1&title=high%20food-to-microorganism%20ratio%20method" style="color: #c4722e; text-decoration: underline;">high food-to-microorganism ratio method</a>; <a href="http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search;jsessionid=1b9daqrhupril.alice?database=1&title=kinetics" style="color: #c4722e; text-decoration: underline;">kinetics</a>; <a href="http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search;jsessionid=1b9daqrhupril.alice?database=1&title=biological%20nutrient%20removal" style="color: #c4722e; text-decoration: underline;">biological nutrient removal</a></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Mehran Andalibhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12819127725447479658noreply@blogger.com0